GOLD(1) User Commands GOLD(1)
NAME
gold - The GNU ELF linker
SYNOPSIS
ld.gold [options] file...
OPTIONS
--help Report usage information
-v, --version
Report version information
-V Report version and target information
--add-needed
Not supported
--no-add-needed
Do not copy DT_NEEDED tags from shared libraries (default)
--allow-multiple-definition Allow multiple definitions of symbols
--no-allow-multiple-definition
Do not allow multiple definitions (default)
--allow-shlib-undefined
Allow unresolved references in shared libraries
--no-allow-shlib-undefined
Do not allow unresolved references in shared libraries (default)
--apply-dynamic-relocs
Apply link-time values for dynamic relocations (default)
--no-apply-dynamic-relocs
(aarch64 only) Do not apply link-time values for dynamic reloca-
tions
--as-needed
Use DT_NEEDED only for shared libraries that are used
--no-as-needed
Use DT_NEEDED for all shared libraries (default)
-assert [ignored]
Ignored
-b [elf,binary], --format [elf,binary]
Set input format
--be8 Output BE8 format image
--build-id [=STYLE]
Generate build ID note
--build-id-chunk-size-for-treehash SIZE
Chunk size for '--build-id=tree'
--build-id-min-file-size-for-treehash SIZE
Minimum output file size for '--build-id=tree' to work differ-
ently than '--build-id=sha1'
-Bdynamic -l searches for shared libraries (default)
-Bstatic -l does not search for shared libraries
-dy alias for -Bdynamic (default)
-dn alias for -Bstatic
-Bgroup
Use group name lookup rules for shared library
-Bshareable
Generate shared library (alias for -G/-shared)
-Bsymbolic
Bind defined symbols locally
-Bsymbolic-functions
Bind defined function symbols locally
--check-sections
Check segment addresses for overlaps (default)
--no-check-sections
Do not check segment addresses for overlaps
--compress-debug-sections [none,zlib,zlib-gnu,zlib-gabi]
Compress .debug_* sections in the output file
--copy-dt-needed-entries
Not supported
--no-copy-dt-needed-entries Do not copy DT_NEEDED tags from shared li-
braries (default)
--cref
Output cross reference table
--no-cref
Do not output cross reference table (default)
--ctors-in-init-array
Use DT_INIT_ARRAY for all constructors (default)
--no-ctors-in-init-array
Handle constructors as directed by compiler
-d, --define-common
Define common symbols
--no-define-common
Do not define common symbols in relocatable output (default)
-dc Alias for -d
-dp Alias for -d
--debug [all,files,script,task][,...]
Turn on debugging
--defsym SYMBOL=EXPRESSION
Define a symbol
--demangle [=STYLE]
Demangle C++ symbols in log messages
--no-demangle
Do not demangle C++ symbols in log messages
--dependency-file FILE
Write a dependency file listing all files read
--detect-odr-violations
Look for violations of the C++ One Definition Rule
--no-detect-odr-violations
Do not look for violations of the C++ One Definition Rule (de-
fault)
--dynamic-list-data
Add data symbols to dynamic symbols
--dynamic-list-cpp-new
Add C++ operator new/delete to dynamic symbols
--dynamic-list-cpp-typeinfo Add C++ typeinfo to dynamic symbols
--dynamic-list FILE
Read a list of dynamic symbols
--emit-stub-syms
(PowerPC only) Label linker stubs with a symbol (default)
--no-emit-stub-syms
(PowerPC only) Do not label linker stubs with a symbol
-e ADDRESS, --entry ADDRESS Set program start address
--eh-frame-hdr
Create exception frame header
--no-eh-frame-hdr
Do not create exception frame header (default)
--enable-new-dtags
Enable use of DT_RUNPATH (default)
--disable-new-dtags
Disable use of DT_RUNPATH
--no-enum-size-warning
(ARM only) Do not warn about objects with incompatible enum
sizes
--exclude-libs lib,lib ...
Exclude libraries from automatic export
-E, --export-dynamic
Export all dynamic symbols
--no-export-dynamic
Do not export all dynamic symbols (default)
--export-dynamic-symbol SYMBOL
Export SYMBOL to dynamic symbol table
-EB Link big-endian objects.
-EL Link little-endian objects.
-f SHLIB, --auxiliary SHLIB Auxiliary filter for shared object symbol
table
-F SHLIB, --filter SHLIB
Filter for shared object symbol table
--fatal-warnings
Treat warnings as errors
--no-fatal-warnings
Do not treat warnings as errors (default)
-fini SYMBOL
Call SYMBOL at unload-time
--fix-arm1176
(ARM only) Fix binaries for ARM1176 erratum (default)
--no-fix-arm1176
(ARM only) Do not fix binaries for ARM1176 erratum
--fix-cortex-a8
(ARM only) Fix binaries for Cortex-A8 erratum
--no-fix-cortex-a8
(ARM only) Do not fix binaries for Cortex-A8 erratum (default)
--fix-cortex-a53-843419
(AArch64 only) Fix Cortex-A53 erratum 843419
--no-fix-cortex-a53-843419
(AArch64 only) Do not fix Cortex-A53 erratum 843419 (default)
--fix-cortex-a53-835769
(AArch64 only) Fix Cortex-A53 erratum 835769
--no-fix-cortex-a53-835769
(AArch64 only) Do not fix Cortex-A53 erratum 835769 (default)
--fix-v4bx
(ARM only) Rewrite BX rn as MOV pc, rn for ARMv4
--fix-v4bx-interworking
(ARM only) Rewrite BX rn branch to ARMv4 interworking veneer
-fuse-ld [gold,bfd]
Ignored for GCC linker option compatibility
-g Ignored
--gc-sections
Remove unused sections
--no-gc-sections
Don't remove unused sections (default)
--gdb-index
Generate .gdb_index section
--no-gdb-index
Do not generate .gdb_index section (default)
--gnu-unique
Enable STB_GNU_UNIQUE symbol binding (default)
--no-gnu-unique
Disable STB_GNU_UNIQUE symbol binding
-G, -shared
Generate shared library
-h FILENAME, -soname FILENAME
Set shared library name
--hash-bucket-empty-fraction FRACTION
Min fraction of empty buckets in dynamic hash
--hash-style [sysv,gnu,both]
Dynamic hash style
-i Alias for -r
--icf [none,all,safe]
Identical Code Folding. '--icf=safe' Folds ctors, dtors and
functions whose pointers are definitely not taken
--icf-iterations COUNT
Number of iterations of ICF (default 3)
--incremental
Do an incremental link if possible; otherwise, do a full link
and prepare output for incremental linking
--no-incremental
Do a full link (default)
--incremental-full
Do a full link and prepare output for incremental linking
--incremental-update
Do an incremental link; exit if not possible
--incremental-base FILE
Set base file for incremental linking (default is output file)
--incremental-changed
Assume files changed
--incremental-unchanged
Assume files didn't change
--incremental-unknown
Use timestamps to check files (default)
--incremental-startup-unchanged
Assume startup files unchanged (files preceding this option)
--incremental-patch PERCENT Amount of extra space to allocate for
patches (default 10)
-init SYMBOL
Call SYMBOL at load-time
-I PROGRAM, --dynamic-linker PROGRAM
Set dynamic linker path
--just-symbols FILE
Read only symbol values from FILE
--keep-files-mapped
Keep files mapped across passes (default)
--no-keep-files-mapped
Release mapped files after each pass
--keep-unique SYMBOL
Do not fold this symbol during ICF
-l LIBNAME, --library LIBNAME
Search for library LIBNAME
--ld-generated-unwind-info
Generate unwind information for PLT (default)
--no-ld-generated-unwind-info
Do not generate unwind information for PLT
-L DIR, --library-path DIR
Add directory to search path
--long-plt
(ARM only) Generate long PLT entries
--no-long-plt
(ARM only) Do not generate long PLT entries (default)
-m EMULATION
Set GNU linker emulation; obsolete
--map-whole-files
Map whole files to memory (default)
--no-map-whole-files
Map relevant file parts to memory
--merge-exidx-entries
(ARM only) Merge exidx entries in debuginfo (default)
--no-merge-exidx-entries
(ARM only) Do not merge exidx entries in debuginfo
--mmap-output-file
Map the output file for writing (default)
--no-mmap-output-file
Do not map the output file for writing
-M, --print-map
Write map file on standard output
-Map MAPFILENAME
Write map file
-n, --nmagic
Do not page align data
-N, --omagic
Do not page align data, do not make text readonly
--no-omagic
Page align data, make text readonly (default)
--no-keep-memory
Use less memory and more disk I/O (included only for compatibil-
ity with GNU ld)
--no-undefined
Report undefined symbols (even with --shared)
--noinhibit-exec
Create an output file even if errors occur
-nostdlib
Only search directories specified on the command line
-o FILE, --output FILE
Set output file name
--oformat [binary]
Set output format
-O LEVEL, -optimize LEVEL
Optimize output file size
--orphan-handling [place,discard,warn,error]
Orphan section handling
-p Ignored for ARM compatibility
-pie Create a position independent executable
-no-pie
Do not create a position independent executable (default)
--pic-executable
Create a position independent executable
--no-pic-executable
Do not create a position independent executable (default)
--pic-veneer
Force PIC sequences for ARM/Thumb interworking veneers
-no-pipeline-knowledge
(ARM only) Ignore for backward compatibility (default)
--plt-align [=P2ALIGN]
(PowerPC only) Align PLT call stubs to fit cache lines
--plt-localentry
(PowerPC64 only) Optimize calls to ELFv2 localentry:0 functions
--no-plt-localentry
(PowerPC64 only) Don't optimize ELFv2 calls (default)
--plt-static-chain
(PowerPC64 only) PLT call stubs should load r11
--no-plt-static-chain
(PowerPC64 only) PLT call stubs should not load r11 (default)
--plt-thread-safe
(PowerPC64 only) PLT call stubs with load-load barrier
--no-plt-thread-safe
(PowerPC64 only) PLT call stubs without barrier (default)
--plugin PLUGIN
Load a plugin library
--plugin-opt OPTION
Pass an option to the plugin
--posix-fallocate
Use posix_fallocate to reserve space in the output file (de-
fault)
--no-posix-fallocate
Use fallocate or ftruncate to reserve space
--preread-archive-symbols
Preread archive symbols when multi-threaded
--print-gc-sections
List removed unused sections on stderr
--no-print-gc-sections
Do not list removed unused sections (default)
--print-icf-sections
List folded identical sections on stderr
--no-print-icf-sections
Do not list folded identical sections (default)
--print-output-format
Print default output format
--print-symbol-counts FILENAME
Print symbols defined and used for each input
--push-state
Save the state of flags related to input files
--pop-state
Restore the state of flags related to input files
-q, --emit-relocs
Generate relocations in output
-Qy Ignored for SVR4 compatibility
-r, -relocatable
Generate relocatable output
--relax
Relax branches on certain targets
--no-relax
Do not relax branches (default)
--retain-symbols-file FILE
keep only symbols listed in this file
--rosegment
Put read-only non-executable sections in their own segment
--no-rosegment
Do not put read-only non-executable sections in their own seg-
ment (default)
--rosegment-gap OFFSET
Set offset between executable and read-only segments
-R DIR Add DIR to runtime search path
-rpath DIR
Add DIR to runtime search path
--rpath-link DIR
Add DIR to link time shared library search path
-s, --strip-all
Strip all symbols
-S, --strip-debug
Strip debugging information
--strip-debug-non-line
Emit only debug line number information
--strip-debug-gdb
Strip debug symbols that are unused by gdb (at least versions <=
7.4)
--strip-lto-sections
Strip LTO intermediate code sections (default)
--section-ordering-file FILENAME
Layout sections in the order specified
--section-start SECTION=ADDRESS
Set address of section
--secure-plt
(PowerPC only) Use new-style PLT (default)
--sort-common [={ascending,descending}]
Sort common symbols by alignment
--sort-section [none,name]
Sort sections by name. '--no-text-reorder' will override
'--sort-section=name' for .text
--spare-dynamic-tags COUNT
Dynamic tag slots to reserve (default 5)
--stub-group-size SIZE
(ARM, PowerPC only) The maximum distance from instructions in a
group of sections to their stubs. Negative values mean stubs are
always after the group. 1 means use default size
--stub-group-multi
(PowerPC only) Allow a group of stubs to serve multiple output
sections (default)
--no-stub-group-multi
(PowerPC only) Each output section has its own stubs
--split-stack-adjust-size SIZE
Stack size when -fsplit-stack function calls non-split
-static
Do not link against shared libraries
--start-lib
Start a library
--end-lib
End a library
--stats
Print resource usage statistics
--sysroot DIR
Set target system root directory
-t, --trace
Print the name of each input file
--target1-abs
(ARM only) Force R_ARM_TARGET1 type to R_ARM_ABS32
--target1-rel
(ARM only) Force R_ARM_TARGET1 type to R_ARM_REL32
--target2 [rel, abs, got-rel
(ARM only) Set R_ARM_TARGET2 relocation type
--text-reorder
Enable text section reordering for GCC section names (default)
--no-text-reorder
Disable text section reordering for GCC section names
--threads
Run the linker multi-threaded
--no-threads
Do not run the linker multi-threaded (default)
--thread-count COUNT
Number of threads to use
--thread-count-initial COUNT
Number of threads to use in initial pass
--thread-count-middle COUNT Number of threads to use in middle pass
--thread-count-final COUNT
Number of threads to use in final pass
--tls-optimize
(PowerPC/64 only) Optimize GD/LD/IE code to IE/LE (default)
--no-tls-optimize
(PowerPC/64 only) Don'''t try to optimize TLS accesses
--tls-get-addr-optimize
(PowerPC/64 only) Use a special __tls_get_addr call (default)
--no-tls-get-addr-optimize
(PowerPC/64 only) Don't use a special __tls_get_addr call
--toc-optimize
(PowerPC64 only) Optimize TOC code sequences (default)
--no-toc-optimize
(PowerPC64 only) Don't optimize TOC code sequences
--toc-sort
(PowerPC64 only) Sort TOC and GOT sections (default)
--no-toc-sort
(PowerPC64 only) Don't sort TOC and GOT sections
-T FILE, --script FILE
Read linker script
-Tbss ADDRESS
Set the address of the bss segment
-Tdata ADDRESS
Set the address of the data segment
-Ttext ADDRESS
Set the address of the text segment
-Ttext-segment ADDRESS
Set the address of the text segment
-Trodata-segment ADDRESS
Set the address of the rodata segment
-u SYMBOL, --undefined SYMBOL
Create undefined reference to SYMBOL
--unresolved-symbols ignore-all,report-all,ignore-in-object-files,ig-
nore-in-shared-libs
How to handle unresolved symbols
--verbose
Alias for --debug=files
--version-script FILE
Read version script
--warn-common
Warn about duplicate common symbols
--no-warn-common
Do not warn about duplicate common symbols (default)
--warn-constructors
Ignored
--no-warn-constructors
Ignored
--warn-drop-version
Warn when discarding version information
--no-warn-drop-version
Do not warn when discarding version information (default)
--warn-execstack
Warn if the stack is executable
--no-warn-execstack
Do not warn if the stack is executable (default)
--no-warn-mismatch
Don't warn about mismatched input files
--warn-multiple-gp
Ignored
--warn-search-mismatch
Warn when skipping an incompatible library (default)
--no-warn-search-mismatch
Don't warn when skipping an incompatible library
--warn-shared-textrel
Warn if text segment is not shareable
--no-warn-shared-textrel
Do not warn if text segment is not shareable (default)
--warn-unresolved-symbols
Report unresolved symbols as warnings
--error-unresolved-symbols
Report unresolved symbols as errors (default)
-z buildd
Dummy z option
--no-wchar-size-warning
(ARM only) Do not warn about objects with incompatible wchar_t
sizes
--weak-unresolved-symbols
Convert unresolved symbols to weak references
--whole-archive
Include all archive contents
--no-whole-archive
Include only needed archive contents (default)
--wrap SYMBOL
Use wrapper functions for SYMBOL
-x, --discard-all
Delete all local symbols
-X, --discard-locals
Delete all temporary local symbols
--discard-none
Keep all local symbols
-y SYMBOL, --trace-symbol SYMBOL
Trace references to symbol
--undefined-version
Allow unused version in script (default)
--no-undefined-version
Do not allow unused version in script
-Y PATH
Default search path for Solaris compatibility
-(, --start-group
Start a library search group
-), --end-group
End a library search group
-z bndplt
(x86-64 only) Generate a BND PLT for Intel MPX
-z nobndplt
Generate a regular PLT (default)
-z combreloc
Sort dynamic relocs (default)
-z nocombreloc
Do not sort dynamic relocs
-z common-page-size=SIZE
Set common page size to SIZE
-z defs
Report undefined symbols (even with --shared)
-z execstack
Mark output as requiring executable stack
-z global
Make symbols in DSO available for subsequently loaded objects
-z initfirst
Mark DSO to be initialized first at runtime
-z interpose
Mark object to interpose all DSOs but executable
-z lazy
Mark object for lazy runtime binding (default)
-z loadfltr
Mark object requiring immediate process
-z max-page-size=SIZE
Set maximum page size to SIZE
-z muldefs
Allow multiple definitions of symbols
-z nocopyreloc
Do not create copy relocs
-z nodefaultlib
Mark object not to use default search paths
-z nodelete
Mark DSO non-deletable at runtime
-z nodlopen
Mark DSO not available to dlopen
-z nodump
Mark DSO not available to dldump
-z noexecstack
Mark output as not requiring executable stack
-z now Mark object for immediate function binding
-z origin
Mark DSO to indicate that needs immediate $ORIGIN processing at
runtime
-z relro
Where possible mark variables read-only after relocation (de-
fault)
-z norelro
Don't mark variables read-only after relocation
-z stack-size=SIZE
Set PT_GNU_STACK segment p_memsz to SIZE
-z start-stop-visibility=[default,internal,hidden,protected]
ELF symbol visibility for synthesized __start_* and __stop_*
symbols
-z text
Do not permit relocations in read-only segments
-z notext
Permit relocations in read-only segments (default)
-z textoff
Permit relocations in read-only segments (default)
-z text-unlikely-segment
Move .text.unlikely sections to a separate segment.
-z notext-unlikely-segment
Do not move .text.unlikely sections to a separate segment. (de-
fault)
-z keep-text-section-prefix Keep .text.hot, .text.startup, .text.exit
and .text.unlikely as separate sections in the final binary.
-z nokeep-text-section-prefix
Merge all .text.* prefix sections. (default)
debian/tmp/usr/bin/ld.gold: supported targets: elf32-iamcu elf32-i386
elf32-i386-freebsd elf32-i386-nacl elf32-x86-64 elf32-x86-64-freebsd
elf32-x86-64-nacl elf64-x86-64 elf64-x86-64-freebsd elf64-x86-64-nacl
debian/tmp/usr/bin/ld.gold: supported emulations: elf_iamcu elf_i386
elf_i386_nacl elf32_x86_64 elf32_x86_64_nacl elf_x86_64 elf_x86_64_nacl
REPORTING BUGS
Report bugs to <http://www.sourceware.org/bugzilla/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This program is free
software; you may redistribute it under the terms of the GNU General
Public License version 3 or (at your option) a later version. This
program has absolutely no warranty.
GNU gold (GNU Binutils for Debian 2July 2020 GOLD(1)