DUPLOCALE(3)

DUPLOCALE(3)               Linux Programmer's Manual              DUPLOCALE(3)

NAME
       duplocale - duplicate a locale object

SYNOPSIS
       #include <locale.h>

       locale_t duplocale(locale_t locobj);

   Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

       duplocale():
           Since glibc 2.10:
                  _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 700
           Before glibc 2.10:
                  _GNU_SOURCE

DESCRIPTION
       The  duplocale()  function creates a duplicate of the locale object re-
       ferred to by locobj.

       If locobj is LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE, duplocale() creates a locale object con-
       taining a copy of the global locale determined by setlocale(3).

RETURN VALUE
       On success, duplocale() returns a handle for the new locale object.  On
       error, it returns (locale_t) 0, and sets errno to indicate the cause of
       the error.

ERRORS
       ENOMEM Insufficient memory to create the duplicate locale object.

VERSIONS
       The duplocale() function first appeared in version 2.3 of the GNU C li-
       brary.

CONFORMING TO
       POSIX.1-2008.

NOTES
       Duplicating a locale can serve the following purposes:

       *  To create a copy of a locale object in which one of more  categories
          are to be modified (using newlocale(3)).

       *  To  obtain  a  handle for the current locale which can used in other
          functions that employ a locale handle, such as  toupper_l(3).   This
          is done by applying duplocale() to the value returned by the follow-
          ing call:

              loc = uselocale((locale_t) 0);

          This technique is necessary, because the above uselocale(3) call may
          return the value LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE, which results in undefined behav-
          ior if passed to functions such  as  toupper_l(3).   Calling  duplo-
          cale() can be used to ensure that the LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE value is con-
          verted into a usable locale object.  See EXAMPLE, below.

       Each locale object created by duplocale() should be  deallocated  using
       freelocale(3).

EXAMPLES
       The  program below uses uselocale(3) and duplocale() to obtain a handle
       for the current locale which is then passed to toupper_l(3).  The  pro-
       gram  takes  one  command-line argument, a string of characters that is
       converted to uppercase and displayed on standard output.  An example of
       its use is the following:

           $ ./a.out abc
           ABC

   Program source

       #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 700
       #include <ctype.h>
       #include <stdio.h>
       #include <stdlib.h>
       #include <locale.h>

       #define errExit(msg)    do { perror(msg); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); \
                               } while (0)

       int
       main(int argc, char *argv[])
       {
           locale_t loc, nloc;
           char *p;

           if (argc != 2) {
               fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s string\n", argv[0]);
               exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
           }

           /* This sequence is necessary, because uselocale() might return
              the value LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE, which can't be passed as an
              argument to toupper_l() */

           loc = uselocale((locale_t) 0);
           if (loc == (locale_t) 0)
               errExit("uselocale");

           nloc = duplocale(loc);
           if (nloc == (locale_t) 0)
               errExit("duplocale");

           for (p = argv[1]; *p; p++)
               putchar(toupper_l(*p, nloc));

           printf("\n");

           freelocale(nloc);

           exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
       }

SEE ALSO
       freelocale(3), newlocale(3), setlocale(3), uselocale(3), locale(5), lo-
       cale(7)

COLOPHON
       This page is part of release 5.07 of the Linux  man-pages  project.   A
       description  of  the project, information about reporting bugs, and the
       latest    version    of    this    page,    can     be     found     at
       https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

Linux                             2020-06-09                      DUPLOCALE(3)